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Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 106-116 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0474-z

摘要： Nitrogen contamination of surface water is a worldwide environmental problem with intensive agriculture and high population densities. We assessed the spatial and seasonal variation in concentrations of total nitrogen and different nitrogen species present in surface-water in Beijing, China. Also, chemical ( ) and isotopic ( ) indicators were used to identify nitrate sources. The results showed that, during 2009 and 2010, nitrate nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.7 to 7.6 mg·L , ammonium nitrogen from 0.1 to 3.4 mg·L , and total nitrogen from 2.4 to 17.0 mg·L . Inorganic nitrogen accounted for between 60 and 100% of total nitrogen at the ten monitoring sites. Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen concentrations at the 2 downstream monitoring sites in south-eastern Beijing were significantly higher than those at the other eight upstream monitoring sites ( <0.01). Examination of seasonal variation showed that there was a significant inverse relationship between nitrate nitrogen concentrations and precipitation, and that nitrate nitrogen concentrations peaked in the dry seasons. The information given by the values and nitrate nitrogen concentrations, combined with the ratio distribution, showed that domestic sewage was the major source of nitrate in Beijing. Methods to control and reduce sewage pollution are urgently needed to help manage surface water quality in Beijing.

关键词： nitrogen concentration     spatial and seasonal variation     stable nitrogen isotope     urban ecosystem     source    

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SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 407-424 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022448

摘要：

● Soil nitrogen fluxes and influencing factors were reviewed in the subtropical hilly regions.

关键词： nitrogen cycling     soil nitrogen     nitrogen deposition     greenhouse gases emission     non-point source pollution     nitrogen use efficiency    

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Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating

Yan GUO, Chuanfu WU, Qunhui WANG, Min YANG, Qiqi HUANG, Markus MAGEP, Tianlong ZHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0845-y

摘要： The use of PLA/starch blends for nitrogen removal was achieved. The influence of different operating parameters on responses was verified using RSM. The conditions for desired responses were successfully optimized simultaneously. Blends material may have a promising application prospect in the future. Nitrogen removal from ammonium-containing wastewater was conducted using polylactic acid (PLA)/starch blends as carbon source and carrier for functional bacteria. The exclusive and interactive influences of operating parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, stirring rate, and PLA-to-starch ratio (PLA proportion)) on nitrification ( ), denitrification ( ), and COD release rates ( ) were investigated through response surface methodology. Experimental results indicated that nitrogen removal could be successfully achieved in the PLA/starch blends through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The carbon release rate of the blends was controllable. The sensitivity of , , and to different operating parameters also differed. The sequence for each response was as follows: for , pH>stirring rate>PLA proportion>temperature; for , pH>PLA proportion>temperature>stirring rate; and for , stirring rate>pH>PLA proportion>temperature. In this study, the following optimum conditions were observed: temperature, 32.0°C; pH 7.7; stirring rate, 200.0 r·min ; and PLA proportion, 0.4. Under these conditions, , , and were 134.0 μg-N·g-blend ·h , 160.9 μg-N·g-blend ·h , and 7.6 × 10 μg-O·g-blend ·h , respectively. These results suggested that the PLA/starch blends may be an ideal packing material for nitrogen removal.

关键词： Nitrogen removal     Polylactic acid     Starch     Carbon source     Response surface methodology    

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Use of dry yeast cells as a cheap nitrogen source for lactic acid production by thermophilic

Kim Yng Ooi, Jin Chuan Wu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 381-385 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1534-2

摘要： Dry yeast cells (DYC) were used as a cheap nitrogen source to replace expensive yeast extract (YE) for L-lactic acid production by thermophilic . Cassava starch (200 g·L ) was converted to L-lactic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using WCP10-4 at 50 °C in the presence of 20 g·L of DYC, giving 148.1 g·L of L-lactic acid at 27 h with a productivity of 5.5 g·L ·h and a yield of 92%. In contrast, 154.4 g·L of lactic acid was produced at 24 h with a productivity of 6.4 g·L ·h and a yield of 96% when equal amount of YE was used under the same conditions. Use of pre-autolyzed DYC at 50 °C for overnight slightly improved the lactic acid titer (154.5 g·L ) and productivity (7.7 g·L ·h ) but gave the same yield (96%).

关键词： L-lactic acid     thermophilic strain     Bacillus coagulans     dry yeast cells     autolysis     fermentation    

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DITCHES AND PONDS CAN BE THE SOURCES OR SINKS OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION: OBSERVATIONS IN AN UPLAND

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 607-626 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023517

摘要：

As the common features of agroecosystems, ditches and ponds benefit the irrigation and drainage, as well as intercepting non-point source pollutants. However, most ditch-pond studies have been conducted in lowland areas. To test this source-sink assumption in upland areas, this study made observations on the ecological function of the ditch and pond system in a typical catchment in China. First, the changes in ponds in the catchment were analyzed using high-resolution remote sensing data. Then, the migration of agricultural pollutants in ditches and ponds were analyzed by field sampling and laboratory detection. The results showed that over the past 15 years the length of ditches in the catchment and the number of small ponds (< 500 m2) have increased by 32% and 75%, respectively. The rate of change in nutrient concentrations in the ditches and ponds were mostly from −20% to 20%, indicating ditches and ponds can be both sources and sinks for agricultural pollutants. Lastly, the contributing factors were explored and it was found that ditches and ponds are important sinks in dry season. However, during the rainy season, ditches and ponds become sources of pollutants, with the rapid drainage of ditches and the overflow of ponds in upland areas. The results of this study revealed that the ditches and ponds could be used for ecological engineering in upland catchments to balance drainage and intercept pollutants.

关键词： ditches     ponds     non-point source pollution     mountainous areas     nitrogen     phosphorus    

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Effect of wetland plant fermentation broth on nitrogen removal and bioenergy generation in constructed

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1592-x

摘要：

● Fermentation broth facilitates N removal and energy yields in tertiary CW-MFC.

关键词： Constructed wetland     Microbial fuel cell     Nitrogen removal     Bioenergy generation     Carbon source    

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Advantages of intermittently aerated SBR over conventional SBR on nitrogen removal for the treatment

Xiaoyan Song, Rui Liu, Lujun Chen, Baogang Dong, Tomoki Kawagishi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0941-7

摘要： An intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a traditional sequencing batch reactor (SBR) were parallelly constructed to treat digested piggery wastewater, which was in high NH -N concentration but in a low COD/TN ratio. Their pollutant removal performance was compared under COD/TN ratios of 1.6–3.4 d and hydraulic retention times of 5–3 d. The results showed that the IASBR removed TN, NH -N and TOC more efficiently than the SBR. The average removal rates of TN, NH -N and TOC were 83.1%, 96.5%, and 89.0%, respectively, in the IASBR, significantly higher than the corresponding values of 74.8%, 82.0%, and 86.2% in the SBR. Mass balance of organic carbon revealed that the higher TN removal in the IASBR might be attributed to its efficient utilization of the organic carbon for denitrification, since that 48.7%–52.2% of COD was used for denitrification in the IASBR, higher than the corresponding proportion of 43.1%–47.4% in the SBR. A pre-anoxic process in the IASBR would enhance the ammonium oxidation while restrict the nitrite oxidation. Anoxic duration of 40–80 min should be beneficial for achieving stable nitritation.

关键词： Anoxic stress     Carbon source     Digested piggery wastewater     Intermittently aerated SBR (IASBR)     Total nitrogen    

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Acidogenic sludge fermentation to recover soluble organics as the carbon source for denitrification in

Lin Lin, Ying-yu Li, Xiao-yan Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1043-x

摘要：

CEPS sludge was compared with conventional primary and secondary sludge for the VFAs yield.

Fe-based CEPS sludge exhibited the highest efficiency of organic recovery.

Fermented CEPS sludge liquor provided a sufficient carbon source for denitrification.

99% of nitrate removal was achieved based on the Fe-CEPS and sludge fermentation.

关键词： Sewage sludge     Chemically enhanced primary sedimentation (CEPS)     Acidogenic fermentation     Organic carbon recovery     Nitrogen removal    

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Effects of nitrate concentration on biological hydrogen production by mixed cultures

Bo WANG, Wei WAN, Jianlong WANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 380-386 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0142-0

摘要： The effects of nitrate on fermentative hydrogen production and soluble metabolites from mixed cultures were investigated by varying nitrate concentrations from 0 to 10g N/L at 35°C with an initial pH of 7.0. The results showed that the substrate degradation rate, hydrogen production potential, hydrogen yield, and average hydrogen production rate initially increased with increasing nitrate concentrations from 0 to 0.1g N/L, while they decreased with increasing nitrate concentrations from 0.1 to 10g N/L. The maximum hydrogen production potential of 305.0mL, maximum hydrogen yield of 313.1mL/g glucose, and maximum average hydrogen production rate of 13.3mL/h were obtained at a nitrate concentration of 0.1g N/L. The soluble metabolites produced by the mixed cultures contained only ethanol and acetic acid (HAc) without propionic acid (HPr) and butyric acid (HBu). This study used the Modified Logistic model to describe the progress of cumulative hydrogen production in batch tests. A concise model was proposed to describe the effects of nitrate concentration on average hydrogen production rate.

关键词： nitrogen source     biohydrogen     fermentative hydrogen production     quantitative kinetic model    

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Development of source profiles and their application in source apportionment of PM

Ningning Zhang, Mazhan Zhuang, Jie Tian, Pengshan Tian, Jieru Zhang, Qiyuan Wang, Yaqing Zhou, Rujin Huang, Chongshu Zhu, Xuemin Zhang, Junji Cao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0879-1

摘要： Seasonal and spatial distribution of PM and its component were shown. Local source profiles of major PM sources were developed. Source apportionment was conducted using CMB model. Inorganic secondary components is the biggest contribution at Xiamen. Ambient PM samples were collected at four sites in Xiamen, including Gulangyu (GLY), Hongwen (HW), Huli (HL) and Jimei (JM) during January, April, July and October 2013. Local source samples were obtained from coal burning power plants, industries, motor vehicles, biomass burning, fugitive dust, and sea salt for the source apportionment studies. The highest value of PM mass concentration and species related to human activities (SO , NO , Pb, Ni, V, Cu, Cd, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC)) were found in the ambient samples from HL, and the highest and lowest loadings of PM and its components occurred in winter and summer, respectively. The reconstructed mass balance indicated that ambient PM consisted of 24% OM (organic matter), 23% sulfate, 14% nitrate, 9% ammonium, 9% geological material, 6% sea salt, 5% EC and 10% others. For the source profiles, the dominant components were OC for coal burning, motor vehicle, biomass burning and sea salt; SO for industry; and crustal elements for fugitive dust. Source contributions were calculated using a chemical mass balance (CMB) model based on ambient PM concentrations and the source profiles. GLY was characterized by high contributions from secondary sulfate and cooking, while HL and JM were most strongly affected by motor vehicle emissions, and biomass burning and fugitive dust, respectively. The CMB results indicated that PM from Xiamen is composed of 27.4% secondary inorganic components, 20.8% motor vehicle emissions, 11.7% fugitive dust, 9.9% sea salt, 9.3% coal burning, 5.0% biomass burning, 3.1% industry and 6.8% others.

关键词： PM2.5     Source profile     Source apportionment     CMB     Xiamen    

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SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGROECOSYSTEMS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 366-372 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022447

摘要：

● There is huge potential for improvement of nitrogen management in Australia.

关键词： Australian agroecosystems     reactive nitrogen     sustainable development    

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The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1336-8

摘要：

• Emission of microbe from local environments is a main source of bioaerosols.

关键词： Bioaerosols     Diffusion     Source identification     Biogeography    

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SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 373-385 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022455

摘要：

● Sustainable nitrogen management strategies for Chinese vegetable production are summarized.

关键词： enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer     integrated knowledge and products strategy     nitrogen rate     reactive nitrogen loss     vegetable     yield    

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EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF MINERAL NITROGEN WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON NITROGEN LOSS FROM SLOPING CROPLAND

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 396-406 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022456

摘要：

● Interflow acts as the dominant pathway for N loss loadings.

关键词： improved fertilization regime     interflow     nitrogen forms     nitrogen leaching     purple soil     sloping cropland    

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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

摘要：

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment     Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

期刊论文

SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

期刊论文

Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating

Yan GUO, Chuanfu WU, Qunhui WANG, Min YANG, Qiqi HUANG, Markus MAGEP, Tianlong ZHENG

期刊论文

Use of dry yeast cells as a cheap nitrogen source for lactic acid production by thermophilic

Kim Yng Ooi, Jin Chuan Wu

期刊论文

DITCHES AND PONDS CAN BE THE SOURCES OR SINKS OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION: OBSERVATIONS IN AN UPLAND

期刊论文

Effect of wetland plant fermentation broth on nitrogen removal and bioenergy generation in constructed

期刊论文

Advantages of intermittently aerated SBR over conventional SBR on nitrogen removal for the treatment

Xiaoyan Song, Rui Liu, Lujun Chen, Baogang Dong, Tomoki Kawagishi

期刊论文

Acidogenic sludge fermentation to recover soluble organics as the carbon source for denitrification in

Lin Lin, Ying-yu Li, Xiao-yan Li

期刊论文

Effects of nitrate concentration on biological hydrogen production by mixed cultures

Bo WANG, Wei WAN, Jianlong WANG,

期刊论文

Development of source profiles and their application in source apportionment of PM

Ningning Zhang, Mazhan Zhuang, Jie Tian, Pengshan Tian, Jieru Zhang, Qiyuan Wang, Yaqing Zhou, Rujin Huang, Chongshu Zhu, Xuemin Zhang, Junji Cao

期刊论文

SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGROECOSYSTEMS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

期刊论文

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

期刊论文

SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN CHINA

期刊论文

EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF MINERAL NITROGEN WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON NITROGEN LOSS FROM SLOPING CROPLAND

期刊论文

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

期刊论文